Cooling mechanism for explosive-engines.



`PA'IENIED OCT. 11, 1904.

P. RBANGH.

COOLING MBGHANISM PoR BXfLosIvE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1903.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

W/TNESSES.'

No. 772,178. A y PATENTBD OCT. 11, 1904. N F. REAUGH.

COOLING MBGHANISM POR EXPLOSIVB ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1903.

. e Wl TNESSES: /N VEN frn/zeaagf/z im, a @ma A TTOHNE YS.

UNITED STATES Patented October 11, 1904.

PATENT OEEICE.

FRANK REAUGH, OF OAK OLIFF, TEXAS.

COOLING NIECHANISM FOR EXPLOSlVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. '772,1'78, datedOctober. 11, 1904.

Application filed May 8, 1905K. beiial No. 156,175. (No model.) l

To @ZZ whom, it hea/y concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK REAUGH, a citi- Zen of the United States, anda resident of Oak Cliff, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas,have invented a new and vImproved Cooling Mechanism forExplosive-Engines, Sac., of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to a means for air-A cooling the cylinders ofinternal-combustion engines and other machinery, and the leading featureof the invention lies in the formation in or on the cylinder-walls of anair passage or passages and in so arranging the parts that the movementof the piston will bring about a circulation of air through thispassage, such circulation extending into the interior'of the cylinder tocool the piston as well.v

Preferably, and especially in case the invention is adapted tointernal-combustion engines, the engine balance-wheel is formed withfan-blades, and these act at the mouth of the air-passage to acceleratethe air-currents and assist the action of the piston with respect to.

such contents.

This specification is an exact description of several forms of theinvention, while the claims define the actual scope thereof.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is avertical section of an internalcombustion engine to whichmy improvements are applied. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the engine. Fig. Liis a sectionalplan on-the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan on the line 5of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views showing a modication of theinvention. Fig. 8 is asectional plan on the line 8 8 of Fig. l, and Fig.9 is a detail view showing the-ducts passing from the jacket.

The cylinder is formed with a jacket a, which extends over thevalve-casing, and has openings a yat its top, these openings being onefor the body of the cylinder and one for the valve-casing. Within saidjacket are arranged spiral walls a2, which form one or more alrfpassagesrunning around the valve-casing and cylinder, these passages leadinginto the lower end of the jacket.

Two ducts Z) and c pass from a chamber c at the bottom of the jacket.The communication between the chamber c and duct c is controlled by avalve CZ, which opens outward, this valve having a counterweight dattached thereto and lying outside of the duct, as best shown in Fig. 9.From the valve d the duct c' passes around the cylinder downward into anannular cavity or chamber c2, which is formed on the outer side of thecrank-case and opposite which lies the balance-wheel Z, the spokes Z ofwhich are in the form of fanblades. The rotation of the balance-wheelwill exert a suction effect on the ducts b and c', the valve Z will beopened, and a continuous current of air will be drawn through thejacket, thereby keeping the engine-cylinder cool.

The communication between the chamber c and duct b is commanded byavalve e, having aco unterweighte ,similar to the counterweight CZ.Thisduct I) passes from the chamber c into an opening e2, which passesthrough the cylinder-walls into the interior thereof, as shown in Fig.8. The opening e2 passes into a spirally-disposed passage f within thecylinder at the lower part thereof. This passage is formed by walls gand g, constituting a cylindrical box set inV the engine-cylinder, asbest shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The inner wall g of this box is shaped toallow the oscillation'of the piston-rod, as shown in Fig. 2, and saidbox is also formed with a spirally-'dis- Aposed passage L, which leadsto an outlet c',

opening into the passage c and commanded by a clack-valve c", as shownin Figs. 1 and 8. The cylindrical box formed by the walls g and g isfastened at its lower portion to the cylinder-walls immediately abovethe crankcase and is spaced from the cylinder-walls above this point soas to allow the piston movement, as indicated'in Figs. 1 and 2. Thepiston is always in engagement with the case g, and by this means theouter surface of the piston is preserved from contact with thecirculating air, and this prevents dust and grit from entering into theworking parts.

Both of the passages f and /L communicate IOO at their upper ends with'the interior of the cylinder at a point outward from the piston. As thepiston reciprocates it alternately draws air inward through the passagef and forces the air outward through the passage the valves e and z"controlling the downward movement, and thus a continuous circulation ofair is kept up. This air is taken'from the chamber c at the bottom ofthe cylinderjacket, passes into the duct I), and upon being ejected pastthe valve 27 into the duct c it is drawn from the latter duct into thecavity c2 and thence outward through the blades of the liy-wheel fan.

The upper portions of the wall g of the before-mentioned cylindricalcase are contracted so as to inclose the piston -rod as closely aspossible, as shown in Fig. :2, thus preventing the air-currents frompassing into the crank-case, or, in other words, eliminating thecrank-case from the air circulation. If desired, the structure shown inFigs. 6 and 7 may be employed,although this is not thought to bestrictly necessary. The space between the walls g, into which theconnecting-rod (indicated at Z2 in Figs. 6 and 7) swings, may beprovided with swinging closures m, mounted at the points m/ and havingrounded surfaces m2 at their lower portions which bear against theconnecting-rod. Springs are provided to hold the said closures snuglyengaged with the rod. As thcrod swings the closures will accommodatethemselves to the rod movement, and thus an almost hermetic connectionmay be secured.

The cylindrical case, with its walls g and g located as described,effectively prevents contact of the lubricated parts of the engine withany dust or grit that may be carried by the ai r-currents from andthrough the engine-passages. vIt will be observed from Fig. l. that thepiston in its highest position is yet engaged with the outer wall g ofthe cylindrical case.

Various changes in the form, proportions, and minor details of myinvention may be resorted to at will without departing from the spiritand scope thereof. Hence I consider myself entitled to all suchvariations as may lie within the intent of my claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentl. An engine having walls arranged within the cylinderand practically separating the interior of the cylinder from theinterior of the crank-case, the said walls forming spirallydisposedair-passages, one of said passages leading to the interior of thecylinder and admitting air to cool the piston, the other passage leadingfrom the interior of the cylinder, and valves commanding said passages,the air circulation through the passages being enforced by the pistonmovement.

2. The combination of a cylinder, a piston,

and walls within the cylinder forming spirallydisposed air-passagesleading to and from the interior of the cylinder at the outer side ofthc piston, the circulation of air through the passages being enforcedby the piston movement.

3. The combination of a cylinder, a piston, walls formingspirally-disposed air-passages leading to and from the interior of thecylinder at the outer side of the piston, the circulation of air throughthe passages being enforced by the piston movement, and a fan forassisting the circulation.

4L. An engine havingacylinder formed with an air-circulating passage,walls forming spirally-disposed air-passages leading from the cylinderair-passage into the interior of the cylinder at the outer side of thepiston and also leading from the interior of the cylinder outward,valves commanding the interior passages, the outlet of the passagesterminating in an annular cavity., and a fly-wheel fan communicatingwith the said cavity, air circulation in said passages being enforced bythe piston movement and assisted by the iy-wheel fan.

5. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a case located in thecylinder and having two spirally-disposed passages therein communicatingat one end with the interior of the cylinder, the cylinder also having apassage communicating with one of the passages of the case, and valvescommanding the passages of the case.

6. An engine comprising a cylinder, a piston, a cylindrical case locatedin the cylinder and practically separating the interior of the cylinderfrom that of the crank-case, the said cylindrical case having twospirally-arranged air-passages, respectively leading to and from theinterior of the cylinder, the cylinder also havinga passagecommunicating with the inlet-passage of the case, valves commanding thepassages of the case, the piston movement causing the circulation of airthrough said passages, and means located at the air-outlet for assistingthe air-circulating action of the piston.

7. The combination of a cylinder, a piston, and walls located within thecylinder and arranged to practically separate the interior of thecylinder from that of the crank-case, the said walls formingair-passages leading to and from the interior of the cylinder to conductair to the piston to cool the same, the air circulation through thepassages being' enforced by the piston movement.

8. The combination of a cylinder, a case located in the cylinder, apiston in said cylinder having a cylindrical extension working betweenthe case and the cylinder-wall, said case being' provided with anair-passage leading to the interior of the cylinder and arranged todischarge the airinto the cylindrical extension of the piston to coolthe latter, the said case .also having an air-outlet passage leadingfrom looV the interior of the cylinder, the piston movement causing thecirculation of air through said passages.

9. An engine, having a case located in the cylinder at the outer side ofthe piston, and the piston having a cylindrical extension workingbetween the case and the cylinder-walls, said case having a passagetherein through which air is caused to circulate by the piston movement,the piston-rod extending through the said case, and means for preventingaircurrents from passing from the cylinder into the crank-case.

l0. A cylinder, a jacket, and walls arranged within said jacket andforming-a continuous air-passage around the cylinder, and leadingspirally from an opening at the top of the cylinder to a chamber at thelower end of the jacket, an outlet-duct leading from said chamber, andpassing downward around the cylinder, and means for enforcing aircirculation through said passage.

11. The combination of a cylinder, having an external spirally-disposedair-circulating passage, a piston in said cylinder, and a case locatedin the cylinder and spaced from the inner wall thereof, the pistonhaving a cylindrical extension working between the case and thecylinder-walls,`said case having outer and inner walls forming passagescommunieating with the interior of the cylinder and with the externalair-circulating passage, the

- inner wall of said case being shaped to allow of the oscillation ofthe piston-rod.

12. The combination with a cylinder provided with an externalair-circulating passage, having an outlet portion leading to a fan, anda piston reciprocating in said cylinder, of a case located in thecylinder, and having two passagesl therein, one of said passagescommunicating with the external air-circulating passage and opening intothe interior of the cylinder, the other passage leading from theinterior of the cylinder and communicating with the said outlet portionof the external air-circulating passage, as set forth.

13. An enginehaving a cylinder provided with a jacket having aspirally-arranged air'- circulating passage, the outlet portion of saidpassage being valve-controlled and terminating in an annular cavityformed on the outer side of the crank-case of the engine, a piston insaid cylinder, walls forming `spirally-arranged air-passages leading toand from the interior of the cylinder at the outer side of the piston, avalve-controlled communication between the air-circulating passage of.the

jacket, and the air-passage leading to the interior of the cylinder, avalve-controlled communication between the air-passage leading from theinterior of the cylinder and the outlet portion of the air-circulatingpassage of the jacket, and a fly-wheel fan communicating with theannular cavity at the termination of the outlet-passage for the air, asset forth.

14. An engine having a cylinder provided with a jacket and formed with aspirally-disposed air-passage communicating at its upper end with theatmosphere, and leading to a chamber at the lower end of the jacket, aduct leading from said chamber and passing downward around the cylinder,the duct opening atthe outer side of the crank-case of the engine, anoutwardly opening valve in said duct, controlling the communicationbetween the chamber and duct, the said valve having a counterweightextending outside of the duct, and vmeans for enforcing the circulationof air through the said air-passage.

v15. A cylinder provided with an external spirally-arrangedair-circulating passage leading from the head to the base of thecylinder and communicating at its upper end with the atmosphere for theadmission of air, and having an outlet at its lower end, the saidcylinder also having spirally-arranged air-passages leading to and fromthe interior thereof, the outlet-passage from the interior of thecylinder communicating with the outlet portion of the externalair-circulating passage,and means for enforcing the circulation of airthrough said passages.

16. The combination of a cylinder, a piston, walls located within thecylinder and arranged to practically separate the interior of thecylinder from that of the crank-case, the said walls formingair-passages leading to and from the interior of the cylinder to conductair to the piston to cool the same, and valves commanding said passages,the air circulation through the passages being enforced by the pistonmovement.

17. The combination of a cylinder, a piston, walls located within thecylinder and arranged to practically separate the interior of thecylinder from that of the crank-case, the said walls formingair-passages leading to and from the interior of the cylinder to conductair to the piston to cool the same, the air circulation through thepassages being enforced `by the piston movement, and means for assistingthe air-circulating action of the piston.

18. rIhe combination of a cylinder, a piston, walls located within thecylinder and arranged to practically separate the interior of thecylinder from that of the crank-case, said walls forming air-passagesleading to and from the interior of the cylinder to conduct air-to thepiston to cool the same, the air circulation through the passages beingenforced by the piston movement, valves commanding said air-passages,and means for assisting the aircirculating action of the piston.

19. An engine lhaving a cylinder provided with avalve-casing, ajacketfor said cylinder extending over the valve-casing, the jackethaving openings at its top, one for the body IOO IIO

of the cylinder and one for the Valve-casing, the jacket being formedwith a spirally-disposed air-passage passing around the cylinder andvalve-casing and leading from the openings at the top of the same to achamber at the lower end of the jacket, an outlet-duct leading from saidchamber and passing downward around the cylinder, a valve controllingcommunication between the said chamber and duct, and means for enforcingthe circulation of air through the said air-passage.

. 20. The combination with a cylinder, and a valve-casing, of a jacketextending over both the cylinder and the Valve-casing and having wallstherein arranged to form continuous air-passages leading spirally fromopenings at top of the cylinder and valve-casing to a duct at the baseof the cylinder, and means for enforcing the circulation of air throughsaid passages.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two sul scribing witnesses.

FRANK REAUGH.

Witnesses:

EDWIN G. STEELE, VWM. CHARLTON.

